Governmental Accounting
farzad keshavarz; Bahram Barzegar; Mostafa Ghasemi
Abstract
The main goal of this research was to design a model to improve supervision in order to empower and maintain preventive audit.An induction-based qualitative approach was adopted, and in terms of the goal, it is a basic research. The statistical population of this research is 18 experts in the field of ...
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The main goal of this research was to design a model to improve supervision in order to empower and maintain preventive audit.An induction-based qualitative approach was adopted, and in terms of the goal, it is a basic research. The statistical population of this research is 18 experts in the field of auditing. Data analysis was done in three stages of open coding, central coding and selective coding using MAXQDA software. After a detailed analysis of interviews, research findings led to identification of 92 extracted concepts from 18 main categories. Then the categories were established based on the six dimensions of the paradigmatic model categories (causal conditions, central phenomenon, contextual factors, intervening factors, policies and consequences) and the final research model was obtained. The paradigm model of research in causal conditions includes 1-regulatory situation, 2-executive recommendations, and 3-specialized conditions; Categories in central phenomenon section include 1-legal bottlenecks, 2-structural bottlenecks and 3-environmental bottlenecks; The categories in contextual conditions section include 1- organizational planning, 2-creating institutional platforms and 3-the need to pay attention to legal requirements; The categories in intervening conditions section include 1-regulatory measures, 2-empowerment and 3-the need to pay attention to human factors; The categories in the policy section include 1-financial supervision, 2-creation of suitable legal platforms and 3-formulation of organizational policies. It is expected that with the implementation of these policies, consequences such as supervisory, financial and environmental effectiveness will be achieved in the public sector regulatory environment.
mohammad jahangirian; Farzin rezayi; reza Ehtesham rasi
Abstract
Subject and Purpose of the Article: Both public and private banks should pay attention to the existing economic conditions when validating and determining the amount of loans for legal clients. The purpose of this research is rating the factors affecting the credit rating in conditions of social distance ...
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Subject and Purpose of the Article: Both public and private banks should pay attention to the existing economic conditions when validating and determining the amount of loans for legal clients. The purpose of this research is rating the factors affecting the credit rating in conditions of social distance in Governmental Banks.Research Method: This research is applied and descriptive-combined (exploratory and survey) which was performed in two stages. The first step was to identify the criteria (four main axes including financial, non-financial, corporate governance and market criteria) with the Grounded Theory, the second step was to rank the criteria using the Analytical Hierarchy Process. In the first and second stages, the opinions of 20 experts were used to answer the questions.Research Findings: All factors are important, but the growth of virtual sales has the highest rank as the most important change of the Corona era and the purpose of receiving the loan and the current ratio were the lowest-ranking.Conclusion, Originality and its Contribution to the Knowledge: In the social distance position, paying attention to the risks associated with the activities of companies in this period has an effect on reducing the overdue receivables of banks, so it is necessary for state-owned banks to pay attention to these issues.
Amin Bolori; Mohammad Moradi; Hamidreza Yazdani
Abstract
Subject and Purpose of the Article: The aim of this study was to design a tax evasion model based on income tax (grounded theory approach) and the aim of this study was to model the phenomenon of tax evasion based on income tax. Research Method: The research method used is grounded theory and ...
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Subject and Purpose of the Article: The aim of this study was to design a tax evasion model based on income tax (grounded theory approach) and the aim of this study was to model the phenomenon of tax evasion based on income tax. Research Method: The research method used is grounded theory and through in-depth interviews with experts in this field. This study was saturated with 12 snowball interviews. Research Findings: Based on the results obtained from interviews, the main causes of income tax evasion are: lack of tax culture in society, lack of transparency of financial information, inefficiency of the tax system, complexity of laws and... According to the interviews, with the onset of tax evasion for the above reasons, the most important necessary contexts are: lack of proper business environment, lack of strong regulatory and executive system on companies, lack of strong management system and lack of public trust in society. Also, according to experts, the most important strategies to prevent tax evasion are: creating a comprehensive database for companies, creating a tax culture, reforming tax laws and reducing the scope of tax exemptions. Also, the most important consequences of tax evasion are: unfair distribution of income and wealth in society, reduced level of economic transparency and reduced government revenues and the level of public welfare. Conclusion, Originality and its Contribution to the Knowledge: In order to design a tax evasion model based on income tax, a conceptual model was developed and designed, and also in Iran, it is the first research that presents a model for income tax evasion based on income tax.
mahsa ghasemi; Rezvan Hejazi; Azadeh Maddahi
Abstract
Subject and Purpose of the Article: The purpose of the study is to design a model for conducting performance auditing of projects focusing on the projects of the National Iranian Oil Company and its subsidiaries. Research Method: According to the exploratory approach of research and implementation of ...
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Subject and Purpose of the Article: The purpose of the study is to design a model for conducting performance auditing of projects focusing on the projects of the National Iranian Oil Company and its subsidiaries. Research Method: According to the exploratory approach of research and implementation of performance audit scope in Iran, the method of qualitative research and grounded theory is used. Research Findings: According to the results of the research, legal requirements, need to be accountable, independence of performance auditing, clear vision and goals, financial resources, professional standards, quality and availability of information, performance criteria, Cooperation of the auditee, audit manager, implementation team, team work and in-service training are the factors affecting the implementation of operational auditing. Implementation of this model will lead to accountability, improve corporate governance and performance, efficiency, economy, effectiveness, customer satisfaction and planning. Conclusion, Originality and its Contribution to the Knowledge: Due to the infancy of performance auditing in Iran and characteristics of governmental companies, the proposed model is more applicable and implemented compared to similar research. It is also the first study in Iran to provide a model for performance auditing in projects.
sasan mehrani; mohammad abdzadeh kanafi
Abstract
given the benefits of accounting innovations for the private sector, this question was raised for the public sector, why this part does not benefit from such innovations. But in practice, environmental characteristics and other internal and external factors influenced the diffusion of accounting innovations ...
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given the benefits of accounting innovations for the private sector, this question was raised for the public sector, why this part does not benefit from such innovations. But in practice, environmental characteristics and other internal and external factors influenced the diffusion of accounting innovations in the public sector. research method: In this research, using qualitative research method and grounded theory approach, we seek to identify factors influencing the diffusion of accounting innovations in the Iran public sector. To achieve this goal, the factors influencing the diffusion of accounting innovations in the public sector were questioned through unstructured interviews with experts in the field of public sector accounting. paper findings: Then, using the results obtained from open coding, Axial coding and selective coding, an integrated model that outlines the factors affecting the diffusion of accounting innovations in the public sector was designed. . . . . . . . . .
